Go结构体的内存布局

type Foo struct {
	A int8 // 1
	B int8 // 1
	C int8 // 1
}

var f Foo
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(f))  // 3

type Bar struct {
	x int32 // 4
	y *Foo  // 8
	z bool  // 1
}

var b1 Bar
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(b1)) // 24

// 结构体变量b1的对齐系数
fmt.Println(unsafe.Alignof(b1))   // 8
// b1每一个字段的对齐系数
fmt.Println(unsafe.Alignof(b1.x)) // 4：表示此字段须按4的倍数对齐
fmt.Println(unsafe.Alignof(b1.y)) // 8：表示此字段须按8的倍数对齐
fmt.Println(unsafe.Alignof(b1.z)) // 1：表示此字段须按1的倍数对齐

type Bar2 struct {
	x int32 // 4
	z bool  // 1
	y *Foo  // 8
}

var b2 Bar2
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(b2)) // 16

type Bar3 struct {
	z bool  // 1
	x int32 // 4
	y *Foo  // 8
}

var b3 Bar3
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(b3)) // 16

type Demo1 struct {
	m struct{} // 0
	n int8     // 1
}

var d1 Demo1
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(d1))  // 1

type Demo2 struct {
	n int8     // 1
	m struct{} // 0
}

var d2 Demo2
fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(d2))  // 2

var set map[int]struct{} 

// src/cmd/internal/base/signal.go

// Interrupted is closed when the go command receives an interrupt signal.
var Interrupted = make(chan struct{})

// src/net/pipe.go

// pipeDeadline is an abstraction for handling timeouts.
type pipeDeadline struct {
	mu     sync.Mutex // Guards timer and cancel
	timer  *time.Timer
	cancel chan struct{} // Must be non-nil
}

// src/atomic/doc.go

// BUG(rsc): On 386, the 64-bit functions use instructions unavailable before the Pentium MMX.
//
// On non-Linux ARM, the 64-bit functions use instructions unavailable before the ARMv6k core.
//
// On ARM, 386, and 32-bit MIPS, it is the caller's responsibility
// to arrange for 64-bit alignment of 64-bit words accessed atomically.
// The first word in a variable or in an allocated struct, array, or slice can
// be relied upon to be 64-bit aligned.

type Group struct {
	name       string
	getter     Getter
	peersOnce  sync.Once
	peers      PeerPicker
	cacheBytes int64 // limit for sum of mainCache and hotCache size

	// mainCache is a cache of the keys for which this process
	// (amongst its peers) is authoritative. That is, this cache
	// contains keys which consistent hash on to this process's
	// peer number.
	mainCache cache

	// hotCache contains keys/values for which this peer is not
	// authoritative (otherwise they would be in mainCache), but
	// are popular enough to warrant mirroring in this process to
	// avoid going over the network to fetch from a peer.  Having
	// a hotCache avoids network hotspotting, where a peer's
	// network card could become the bottleneck on a popular key.
	// This cache is used sparingly to maximize the total number
	// of key/value pairs that can be stored globally.
	hotCache cache

	// loadGroup ensures that each key is only fetched once
	// (either locally or remotely), regardless of the number of
	// concurrent callers.
	loadGroup flightGroup

	_ int32 // force Stats to be 8-byte aligned on 32-bit platforms

	// Stats are statistics on the group.
	Stats Stats
}

// ...

// Stats are per-group statistics.
type Stats struct {
	Gets           AtomicInt // any Get request, including from peers
	CacheHits      AtomicInt // either cache was good
	PeerLoads      AtomicInt // either remote load or remote cache hit (not an error)
	PeerErrors     AtomicInt
	Loads          AtomicInt // (gets - cacheHits)
	LoadsDeduped   AtomicInt // after singleflight
	LocalLoads     AtomicInt // total good local loads
	LocalLoadErrs  AtomicInt // total bad local loads
	ServerRequests AtomicInt // gets that came over the network from peers
}

type poolLocal struct {
	poolLocalInternal

	// Prevents false sharing on widespread platforms with
	// 128 mod (cache line size) = 0 .
	pad [128 - unsafe.Sizeof(poolLocalInternal{})%128]byte
}

// src/sync/once.go 

// Once is an object that will perform exactly one action.
//
// A Once must not be copied after first use.
type Once struct {
	// done indicates whether the action has been performed.
	// It is first in the struct because it is used in the hot path.
	// The hot path is inlined at every call site.
	// Placing done first allows more compact instructions on some architectures (amd64/386),
	// and fewer instructions (to calculate offset) on other architectures.
	done uint32
	m    Mutex
}